Grammar · Chapter 60
倘若 and 纵然: written “if” and “even if”
倘若 A，就 B · 纵然 A，也 B
In news and official writing, 如果 becomes 倘若 and 即使 becomes 纵然: 纵然难，也要走下去. The meaning is the same; the tone is bookish. They are connectors of paper, not of a friendly chat: 倘若你来我家吃饭 in a message to a friend sounds like a summons. The second half usually takes 就 after 倘若 and 也 after 纵然.
Examples
- 倘若明天天气不好，我们就把活动改到下周举行。 Tǎngruò míngtiān tiānqì bù hǎo, wǒmen jiù bǎ huódòng gǎi dào xiàzhōu jǔxíng. If the weather is bad tomorrow, we will move the event to next week.
- 纵然遇到很多困难，她也没有放弃学习汉语。 Zòngrán yùdào hěn duō kùnnán, tā yě méiyǒu fàngqì xuéxí Hànyǔ. Even though she met many difficulties, she never gave up studying Chinese.
- 纵然难，也要走下去。 Zòngrán nán, yě yào zǒu xiàqù. However hard it is, we must keep going.